Workplace injuries aren’t always as dramatic as a fall from scaffolding or an accident with heavy machinery. Sometimes, injuries can be subtle, surfacing gradually over time and evading immediate notice. These hidden injuries can significantly impact health and well-being, but many employees and employers fail to connect their ailments to their work environment until it’s too late.

Four of the most common types of hidden workplace injuries are:

1. Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSIs): Perhaps the most common hidden injuries, RSIs result from repetitive tasks that strain specific body parts. Office workers, for example, might develop carpal tunnel syndrome or tendinitis from extensive typing and mouse use. Construction workers might experience chronic back pain from repetitive lifting and bending. These injuries often start with mild discomfort but can escalate into severe pain and disability if not addressed early.
2. Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs): MSDs encompass a range of issues affecting muscles, nerves, and tendons. Symptoms may include persistent aches, stiffness, or limited range of motion, often stemming from poor ergonomic practices or prolonged exposure to awkward postures. Unlike acute injuries, MSDs can develop gradually and might not be immediately recognised as work-related.
3. Hearing Loss: Prolonged exposure to loud noise levels can cause gradual hearing loss, which may not be noticeable until it has significantly progressed. Many workers in industries such as manufacturing, construction, and entertainment are at risk. Hearing loss often goes undetected until it starts affecting daily life.
4. Mental Health Issues: Work-related stress and mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression, can also be considered hidden injuries. These conditions might not have physical symptoms but can be debilitating and result from high-pressure work environments, harassment, or excessive workloads.

Recognising and reporting hidden injuries

Recognising these injuries early is crucial for both treatment and legal recourse. If an employee starts experiencing any symptoms, document these issues thoroughly and keep a detailed record of their impact on work and daily life, and any potential work-related causes.

For employees, reporting the injury to the employer is the next crucial step. Many workplaces have specific procedures for reporting injuries or health issues, and failing to report them promptly can affect their ability to claim compensation later. Even if the injury seems minor, informing the employer helps establish a record that links the issue to the work environment.

Legal recourse for hidden injuries

1. Workers’ Compensation: Most employees are entitled to workers’ compensation benefits if their injury is work-related, including hidden or gradual injuries. Workers’ compensation can cover medical expenses, lost wages, and rehabilitation costs. However, to qualify, they must file a claim within a specific timeframe, which varies by state. They must ensure they adhere to these deadlines and follow the employer’s procedures for reporting injuries.
2. Personal injury lawsuits: If workers’ compensation does not fully cover an employee’s needs or if they believe the employer’s negligence was a significant factor in the injury, they might have grounds for a personal injury lawsuit. This is particularly relevant if the injury was caused by unsafe working conditions or lack of proper safety measures.
3. Legal consultation: Given the complexities of workplace injury claims, especially for hidden injuries, consulting with a legal professional can provide clarity on how to approach things as an employer and the best course of action.

Hidden workplace injuries, though less obvious than acute accidents, can have profound impacts. Being aware of these injuries and understanding your legal options and responsibilities as an employer are vital for being compliant.